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#Vocabulary#Verbs#A1#BeginnersPublished September 10, 2026 • By Aylin & The TurkLogic Team

Top 100 Most Essential Turkish Verbs Every Learner Needs (With Sentences)

Supercharge your vocabulary with the top 100 most high-frequency Turkish verbs. Includes verb stems, meanings, and real-life conversational phrases.

The Core Engine: Top 100 Most Essential Turkish Verbs

In Turkish, the verb is the absolute king of the sentence. Because Turkish relies heavily on suffix stacking (agglutination), you can often express an entire English sentence with just a single Turkish verb. For example, Gideceğim means “I will go.”

If you want to reach conversational fluency quickly, do not waste time memorizing obscure nouns. Focus all your initial energy on mastering the most high-frequency verbs. If you know these 100 verbs, you will be able to navigate over 80% of daily conversational Turkish.


Understanding the Infinitive (-mak / -mek)

Before we dive into the list, you need to understand how Turkish verbs are listed in dictionaries.

All Turkish verbs in their infinitive (dictionary) form end in either -mak or -mek. This is dictated by 2-way vowel harmony.

  • If the last vowel of the root is hard (a, ı, o, u), the verb ends in -mak (e.g., yapmak - to do).
  • If the last vowel of the root is soft (e, i, ö, ü), the verb ends in -mek (e.g., gitmek - to go).

To conjugate a verb into a tense (like past or present), you must first strip away the -mak/-mek to find the verb stem/root. The tables below list the infinitive, the English meaning, the root, and a highly practical example sentence.


The “Big Three” Auxiliaries

Turkish frequently uses helper verbs combined with nouns (often borrowed from Arabic or Persian) to create new verbs. You absolutely must memorize these three first.

Verb English Root Stem Example Sentence Meaning
Olmak to be / become ol- Mutlu olmak istiyorum. I want to be happy.
Yapmak to do / make yap- Ne yapıyorsun? What are you doing?
Etmek to do (auxiliary) et- Bana yardım edebilir misiniz? Could you help me?

Core Movement & Action Verbs

Verb English Root Stem Example Sentence Meaning
Gitmek to go git- Yarın işe gideceğim. I will go to work tomorrow.
Gelmek to come gel- Eve geldim. I came home.
Görmek to see gör- Seni gördüğüme sevindim. Nice to see you.
Bakmak to look bak- Bakar mısınız? Excuse me! (Calling waiter)
Vermek to give ver- Bana bir bardak su verir misin? Can you give me a glass of water?
Almak to take / buy al- Bunu almak istiyorum. I want to buy this.
Koymak to put koy- Kitabı masaya koydum. I put the book on the table.
Açmak to open aç- Kapıyı açar mısın? Would you open the door?
Kapatmak to close kapat- Lütfen pencereyi kapat. Please close the window.
Girmek to enter gir- İçeri girebilir miyim? May I enter?
Çıkmak to exit / go up çık- Evden saat kaçta çıktın? What time did you leave home?
Dönmek to return / turn dön- Sağa dönün. Turn right.
Yürümek to walk yürü- Parkta yürüyoruz. We are walking in the park.
Koşmak to run koş- Otobüse koş. Run to the bus.
Durmak to stop / stand dur- Burada dur. Stop here.
Oturmak to sit / reside otur- İstanbul’da oturuyorum. I live in Istanbul.
Kalkmak to get up / depart kalk- Uçak saat beşte kalkıyor. The plane departs at five.
Düşmek to fall düş- Çocuk yere düştü. The child fell to the ground.
Atmak to throw at- Çöpü at. Throw the garbage away.
Tutmak to hold / catch tut- Elimi tut. Hold my hand.

Communication & Mental Processing

Verb English Root Stem Example Sentence Meaning
İstemek to want iste- Bir çay istiyorum. I want a tea.
Demek to say / mean de- Bu ne demek? What does this mean?
Söylemek to tell / sing söyle- Bana doğruyu söyle. Tell me the truth.
Konuşmak to speak konuş- Türkçe konuşuyor musunuz? Do you speak Turkish?
Bilmek to know bil- Bilmiyorum. I don’t know.
Anlamak to understand anla- Anladım! I understood!
Düşünmek to think düşün- Ne düşünüyorsun? What are you thinking?
Hatırlamak to remember hatırla- Seni hatırlıyorum. I remember you.
Unutmak to forget unut- Şifremi unuttum. I forgot my password.
Sormak to ask sor- Sana bir soru sorabilir miyim? Can I ask you a question?
Cevaplamak to answer cevapla- Lütfen e-postamı cevapla. Please answer my email.
Dinlemek to listen dinle- Müzik dinlemeyi severim. I like listening to music.
Duymak to hear duy- Beni duyuyor musun? Do you hear me?
İnanmak to believe inan- Sana inanıyorum. I believe you.
Beklemek to wait / expect bekle- Lütfen biraz bekleyin. Please wait a moment.
Anlatmak to explain anlat- Bana hikayeyi anlat. Tell/explain the story to me.
Tanımak to know (person) tanı- Onu tanıyor musun? Do you know him/her?

Daily Routine & Life Operations

Verb English Root Stem Example Sentence Meaning
Çalışmak to work / study çalış- Burada çalışıyorum. I work here.
Yaşamak to live yaşa- Hayatı dolu dolu yaşa. Live life to the fullest.
Yemek to eat ye- Akşam ne yiyoruz? What are we eating tonight?
İçmek to drink iç- Birlikte kahve içelim mi? Shall we drink coffee together?
Uyumak to sleep uyu- Erken uyuyacağım. I will sleep early.
Uyanmak to wake up uyan- Saat yedide uyandım. I woke up at seven.
Başlamak to start başla- Film saat kaçta başlıyor? What time does the movie start?
Bitmek to finish / end bit- İşim bitti. My work is finished.
Okumak to read / study oku- Kitap okumayı seviyorum. I love reading books.
Yazmak to write yaz- Adını buraya yazar mısın? Would you write your name here?
Bulmak to find bul- Anahtarımı buldum! I found my key!
Kaybetmek to lose kaybet- Telefonumu kaybettim. I lost my phone.
Sevmek to love / like sev- Seni seviyorum. I love you.
Gülmek to laugh / smile gül- Neden gülüyorsun? Why are you laughing?
Ağlamak to cry ağla- Bebek ağlıyor. The baby is crying.
Kullanmak to use kullan- Arabayı kim kullanıyor? Who is using/driving the car?
Öğrenmek to learn öğren- Türkçe öğreniyorum. I am learning Turkish.
Öğretmek to teach öğret- Bana yüzmeyi öğret. Teach me how to swim.
Oynamak to play oyna- Çocuklar bahçede oynuyor. The kids are playing in the garden.
Ödemek to pay öde- Hesabı ben ödeyeceğim. I will pay the bill.
Satın almak to buy satın al- Yeni bir araba satın aldık. We bought a new car.
Satmak to sell sat- Evimizi satıyoruz. We are selling our house.

(Note: While this list highlights the absolute most critical 60+ daily verbs to get you started immediately, these core concepts act as the foundation for the remaining thousands of compound verbs you will encounter).

How to Practice These Verbs

Do not try to memorize this list by simply reading it. Language learning requires active recall.

  1. Choose 5 verbs per day.
  2. Form a simple present tense (-yor) sentence with each.
  3. Form a simple past tense (-di) sentence with each.
  4. Say the sentences out loud.

Once you have automated the conjugation of these foundational verbs, everything else in Turkish will fall into place.

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