Gelmek Conjugation: All Turkish Tenses of 'to come'
gelmek means “to come”. Its stem is gel-, so “I am coming” is geliyorum, “I came” is geldim and “I will come” is geleceğim. Below you'll find every form in 10 tenses and moods, with negatives, questions and English meanings.
Quick facts
- Stem
- gel-infinitive minus -mek
- Meaning
- to come
- Aorist
- gelir-ir / -ır / -ur / -ür — irregular: one of the 13 one-syllable stems that take -Ir instead of -Ar
- Vowel harmony
- front unrounded (e / i) — last stem vowel e
- Level
- CEFR A1 · #5 of 247 by frequency
At a glance
One form per tense, split into its suffixes. Tap 🔊 to hear it.
- geliyorumgel·iyor·umPresent Continuous · I am coming
- geldimgel·di·mDefinite Past · I came
- gelmişimgel·miş·imReported Past · I apparently came
- geleceğimgel·eceğ·imFuture · I will come
- gelirimgel·ir·imAorist (Simple Present) · I come
- gelmeliyimgel·meli·yimNecessitative · I must come
- gelsemgel·se·mConditional · if I came
- gelgelImperative & Optative · Come!
- gelebilirimgel·ebil·ir·imAbility (can) · I can come
- geliyordumgel·iyor·du·mPast Continuous · I was coming
Example sentences with gelmek
Common mistakes with gelmek
- Incorrect: gelergelir
Gelmek is one of only 13 one-syllable verbs that take -Ir in the aorist instead of -Ar: gelir, gelirim, geliriz. Learn the rule →
- Incorrect: gelmezimgelmem
The negative aorist drops its -z in the first person: gelmem ("I do not come"), gelmeyiz — but gelmez, gelmezsin. Learn the rule →
- Incorrect: gelecekimgeleceğim
The k of -AcAk softens to ğ before a vowel: geleceğim, geleceğiz — but gelecek and geleceksin keep it. Learn the rule →
Full conjugation of gelmek
All 10 tenses and moods × 6 persons, in positive, negative, question and negative-question form. Imperative questions do not exist for sen and siz.
Present ContinuousŞimdiki Zamangeliyor
Actions happening right now, ongoing situations and near-future plans. Marker: -(I)yor. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | geliyorumI am coming | gelmiyorumI am not coming | geliyor muyumAm I coming? | gelmiyor muyumAm I not coming? |
| senyou | geliyorsunyou are coming | gelmiyorsunyou are not coming | geliyor musunAre you coming? | gelmiyor musunAre you not coming? |
| ohe/she | geliyorhe/she is coming | gelmiyorhe/she is not coming | geliyor muIs he/she coming? | gelmiyor muIs he/she not coming? |
| bizwe | geliyoruzwe are coming | gelmiyoruzwe are not coming | geliyor muyuzAre we coming? | gelmiyor muyuzAre we not coming? |
| sizyou (pl.) | geliyorsunuzyou (pl.) are coming | gelmiyorsunuzyou (pl.) are not coming | geliyor musunuzAre you (pl.) coming? | gelmiyor musunuzAre you (pl.) not coming? |
| onlarthey | geliyorlarthey are coming | gelmiyorlarthey are not coming | geliyorlar mıAre they coming? | gelmiyorlar mıAre they not coming? |
Definite PastGörülen Geçmiş Zamangeldi
Completed past actions the speaker witnessed or is certain about. Marker: -DI. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | geldimI came | gelmedimI did not come | geldim miDid I come? | gelmedim miDidn't I come? |
| senyou | geldinyou came | gelmedinyou did not come | geldin miDid you come? | gelmedin miDidn't you come? |
| ohe/she | geldihe/she came | gelmedihe/she did not come | geldi miDid he/she come? | gelmedi miDidn't he/she come? |
| bizwe | geldikwe came | gelmedikwe did not come | geldik miDid we come? | gelmedik miDidn't we come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | geldinizyou (pl.) came | gelmedinizyou (pl.) did not come | geldiniz miDid you (pl.) come? | gelmediniz miDidn't you (pl.) come? |
| onlarthey | geldilerthey came | gelmedilerthey did not come | geldiler miDid they come? | gelmediler miDidn't they come? |
Reported PastÖğrenilen Geçmiş Zamangelmiş
Past events learned from others, inferred, or noticed with surprise. Marker: -mIş. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | gelmişimI apparently came | gelmemişimI apparently did not come | gelmiş miyimDid I come? (reportedly) | gelmemiş miyimDidn't I come? (reportedly) |
| senyou | gelmişsinyou apparently came | gelmemişsinyou apparently did not come | gelmiş misinDid you come? (reportedly) | gelmemiş misinDidn't you come? (reportedly) |
| ohe/she | gelmişhe/she apparently came | gelmemişhe/she apparently did not come | gelmiş miDid he/she come? (reportedly) | gelmemiş miDidn't he/she come? (reportedly) |
| bizwe | gelmişizwe apparently came | gelmemişizwe apparently did not come | gelmiş miyizDid we come? (reportedly) | gelmemiş miyizDidn't we come? (reportedly) |
| sizyou (pl.) | gelmişsinizyou (pl.) apparently came | gelmemişsinizyou (pl.) apparently did not come | gelmiş misinizDid you (pl.) come? (reportedly) | gelmemiş misinizDidn't you (pl.) come? (reportedly) |
| onlarthey | gelmişlerthey apparently came | gelmemişlerthey apparently did not come | gelmişler miDid they come? (reportedly) | gelmemişler miDidn't they come? (reportedly) |
FutureGelecek Zamangelecek
Plans, predictions and decisions about the future. Marker: -(y)AcAk. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | geleceğimI will come | gelmeyeceğimI will not come | gelecek miyimWill I come? | gelmeyecek miyimWon't I come? |
| senyou | geleceksinyou will come | gelmeyeceksinyou will not come | gelecek misinWill you come? | gelmeyecek misinWon't you come? |
| ohe/she | gelecekhe/she will come | gelmeyecekhe/she will not come | gelecek miWill he/she come? | gelmeyecek miWon't he/she come? |
| bizwe | geleceğizwe will come | gelmeyeceğizwe will not come | gelecek miyizWill we come? | gelmeyecek miyizWon't we come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | geleceksinizyou (pl.) will come | gelmeyeceksinizyou (pl.) will not come | gelecek misinizWill you (pl.) come? | gelmeyecek misinizWon't you (pl.) come? |
| onlarthey | geleceklerthey will come | gelmeyeceklerthey will not come | gelecekler miWill they come? | gelmeyecekler miWon't they come? |
Aorist (Simple Present)Geniş Zamangelir
Habits, general truths, willingness and polite requests. Marker: -r / -Ar / -Ir (neg. -mAz). Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | gelirimI come | gelmemI do not come | gelir miyimDo I come? | gelmez miyimDon't I come? |
| senyou | gelirsinyou come | gelmezsinyou do not come | gelir misinDo you come? | gelmez misinDon't you come? |
| ohe/she | gelirhe/she comes | gelmezhe/she does not come | gelir miDoes he/she come? | gelmez miDoesn't he/she come? |
| bizwe | gelirizwe come | gelmeyizwe do not come | gelir miyizDo we come? | gelmez miyizDon't we come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | gelirsinizyou (pl.) come | gelmezsinizyou (pl.) do not come | gelir misinizDo you (pl.) come? | gelmez misinizDon't you (pl.) come? |
| onlarthey | gelirlerthey come | gelmezlerthey do not come | gelirler miDo they come? | gelmezler miDon't they come? |
NecessitativeGereklilik Kipigelmeli
Obligation and advice: must, should, ought to. Marker: -mAlI. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | gelmeliyimI must come | gelmemeliyimI must not come | gelmeli miyimMust I come? | gelmemeli miyimMustn't I come? |
| senyou | gelmelisinyou must come | gelmemelisinyou must not come | gelmeli misinMust you come? | gelmemeli misinMustn't you come? |
| ohe/she | gelmelihe/she must come | gelmemelihe/she must not come | gelmeli miMust he/she come? | gelmemeli miMustn't he/she come? |
| bizwe | gelmeliyizwe must come | gelmemeliyizwe must not come | gelmeli miyizMust we come? | gelmemeli miyizMustn't we come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | gelmelisinizyou (pl.) must come | gelmemelisinizyou (pl.) must not come | gelmeli misinizMust you (pl.) come? | gelmemeli misinizMustn't you (pl.) come? |
| onlarthey | gelmelilerthey must come | gelmemelilerthey must not come | gelmeliler miMust they come? | gelmemeliler miMustn't they come? |
ConditionalDilek-Şart Kipigelse
Conditions and wishes: "if I…", "if only…", "what if I…?". Marker: -sA. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | gelsemif I came | gelmesemif I did not come | gelsem miShould I come? | gelmesem miShould I not come? |
| senyou | gelsenif you came | gelmesenif you did not come | gelsen miShould you come? | gelmesen miShould you not come? |
| ohe/she | gelseif he/she came | gelmeseif he/she did not come | gelse miShould he/she come? | gelmese miShould he/she not come? |
| bizwe | gelsekif we came | gelmesekif we did not come | gelsek miShould we come? | gelmesek miShould we not come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | gelsenizif you (pl.) came | gelmesenizif you (pl.) did not come | gelseniz miShould you (pl.) come? | gelmeseniz miShould you (pl.) not come? |
| onlarthey | gelselerif they came | gelmeselerif they did not come | gelseler miShould they come? | gelmeseler miShould they not come? |
Imperative & OptativeEmir ve İstek Kipigel
Commands ("Go!") and suggestions ("Let me…", "Let's…"). Marker: Ø / -sIn / -(y)In; -(y)AyIm / -(y)AlIm. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | geleyimlet me come | gelmeyeyimlet me not come | geleyim miShall I come? | gelmeyeyim miShall I not come? |
| senyou | gelCome! | gelmeDon't come! | — | — |
| ohe/she | gelsinlet him/her come | gelmesinlet him/her not come | gelsin miShall he/she come? | gelmesin miShall he/she not come? |
| bizwe | gelelimlet's come | gelmeyelimlet's not come | gelelim miShall we come? | gelmeyelim miShall we not come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | gelinCome! (pl./polite) | gelmeyinDon't come! (pl./polite) | — | — |
| onlarthey | gelsinlerlet them come | gelmesinlerlet them not come | gelsinler miShall they come? | gelmesinler miShall they not come? |
Ability (can)Yeterlilikgelebilir
What someone can or cannot do, and permission. Marker: -(y)Abil- + aorist (neg. -(y)AmA-). Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | gelebilirimI can come | gelememI cannot come | gelebilir miyimCan I come? | gelemez miyimCan't I come? |
| senyou | gelebilirsinyou can come | gelemezsinyou cannot come | gelebilir misinCan you come? | gelemez misinCan't you come? |
| ohe/she | gelebilirhe/she can come | gelemezhe/she cannot come | gelebilir miCan he/she come? | gelemez miCan't he/she come? |
| bizwe | gelebilirizwe can come | gelemeyizwe cannot come | gelebilir miyizCan we come? | gelemez miyizCan't we come? |
| sizyou (pl.) | gelebilirsinizyou (pl.) can come | gelemezsinizyou (pl.) cannot come | gelebilir misinizCan you (pl.) come? | gelemez misinizCan't you (pl.) come? |
| onlarthey | gelebilirlerthey can come | gelemezlerthey cannot come | gelebilirler miCan they come? | gelemezler miCan't they come? |
Past ContinuousŞimdiki Zamanın Hikâyesigeliyordu
What was happening at a moment in the past. Marker: -(I)yordu. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | geliyordumI was coming | gelmiyordumI was not coming | geliyor muydumWas I coming? | gelmiyor muydumWas I not coming? |
| senyou | geliyordunyou were coming | gelmiyordunyou were not coming | geliyor muydunWere you coming? | gelmiyor muydunWere you not coming? |
| ohe/she | geliyorduhe/she was coming | gelmiyorduhe/she was not coming | geliyor muyduWas he/she coming? | gelmiyor muyduWas he/she not coming? |
| bizwe | geliyordukwe were coming | gelmiyordukwe were not coming | geliyor muydukWere we coming? | gelmiyor muydukWere we not coming? |
| sizyou (pl.) | geliyordunuzyou (pl.) were coming | gelmiyordunuzyou (pl.) were not coming | geliyor muydunuzWere you (pl.) coming? | gelmiyor muydunuzWere you (pl.) not coming? |
| onlarthey | geliyorlardıthey were coming | gelmiyorlardıthey were not coming | geliyorlar mıydıWere they coming? | gelmiyorlar mıydıWere they not coming? |
Related verbs
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Frequently asked questions
What is the past tense of gelmek?
The definite past (-DI) of gelmek is geldim (I came), geldin, geldi, geldik, geldiniz, geldiler. The negative is gelmedim (I did not come), and the reported past is gelmiş (he/she apparently came).
Is gelmek irregular?
Only in the aorist (simple present). One-syllable stems normally take -Ar, but gelmek is one of 13 exceptions that take -Ir: gelir, gelirim; negative gelmem. Every other tense is regular: geliyorum, geldim, geleceğim.
How do you say "I will come" in Turkish?
"I will come" is geleceğim. "I won't come" is gelmeyeceğim, and "Will you come?" is gelecek misin? For plans you have already made, Turkish also uses the present continuous: geliyorum.
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