Mutluluk Declension: Turkish Cases of 'happiness'
mutluluk means “happiness”. Its last vowel is u, so 2-way suffixes use a (mutluluklar) and 4-way suffixes use u (mutluluğun). Its final k softens to ğ before a vowel (mutluluğu, mutluluğa) but stays hard before a consonant (mutlulukta).
Quick facts
- Plural
- mutluluklar
- happiness
- Harmony
- Back rounded
- suffix vowels a / u
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- mutluluğu
- accusative, “the happiness”
Rules this noun follows
- Consonant softening — A final p, ç, t, k softens to b, c, d, ğ before a vowel.mutluluğu, mutluluğa, mutluluğum
- Consonant hardening — After f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p a suffix-initial d becomes t (and c becomes ç).mutlulukta, mutluluktan
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).mutluluğum, mutluluğun
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).mutluluğunu, mutluluğunda
Mutluluk in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -lar before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | mutlulukhappiness | mutluluklarhappiness |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | mutluluğuthe happiness (object) | mutluluklarıthe happiness (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | mutluluğato the happiness | mutluluklarato the happiness |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | mutluluktain / at the happiness | mutluluklardain / at the happiness |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | mutluluktanfrom the happiness | mutluluklardanfrom the happiness |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | mutluluğunthe happiness's / of the happiness | mutluluklarınthe happiness's / of the happiness |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | mutluluklawith the happiness | mutluluklarlawith the happiness |
Possessive forms: “my happiness”, “your happiness”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (mutluluğunda). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | mutluluğummy happiness | mutluluğumumy happiness (object) | mutluluğumato my happiness | mutluluğumdain / at my happiness | mutluluğumdanfrom my happiness |
| seninyour | mutluluğunyour happiness | mutluluğunuyour happiness (object) | mutluluğunato your happiness | mutluluğundain / at your happiness | mutluluğundanfrom your happiness |
| onunhis/her/its | mutluluğuhis/her happiness | mutluluğunuhis/her happiness (object) | mutluluğunato his/her happiness | mutluluğundain / at his/her happiness | mutluluğundanfrom his/her happiness |
| bizimour | mutluluğumuzour happiness | mutluluğumuzuour happiness (object) | mutluluğumuzato our happiness | mutluluğumuzdain / at our happiness | mutluluğumuzdanfrom our happiness |
| sizinyour (pl.) | mutluluğunuzyour (pl.) happiness | mutluluğunuzuyour (pl.) happiness (object) | mutluluğunuzato your (pl.) happiness | mutluluğunuzdain / at your (pl.) happiness | mutluluğunuzdanfrom your (pl.) happiness |
| onlarıntheir | mutluluklarıtheir happiness | mutluluklarınıtheir happiness (object) | mutluluklarınato their happiness | mutluluklarındain / at their happiness | mutluluklarındanfrom their happiness |
Plural + possessive: mutluluklarım (my happiness) · mutlulukların (your happiness) · mutlulukları (his/her happiness) · mutluluklarımız (our happiness) · mutluluklarınız (your (pl.) happiness) · mutlulukları (their happiness)
Mutluluk in example sentences
Watch out with mutluluk
- Softening before vowels. Final k softens before a vowel: mutluluğu, mutluluğa, mutluluğum (not
*mutluluku). Before a consonant it stays hard: mutlulukta, mutluluklar. Rule → - Locative with t, not d. After a voiceless consonant the locative and ablative start with t: mutlulukta, mutluluktan (not
*mutlulukda). Rule → - Two meanings of mutluluğun. mutluluğun is both "of the happiness" (genitive) and "your happiness" (possessive). mutluluğu is likewise both the object form and "his/her happiness". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: feelings & the mind
- akıl mind
- dert trouble
- dikkat attention
- düşünce thought
- hayal dream
- his feeling
- keyif pleasure
- merak curiosity
- sabır patience
- sevgi love
Other nouns that soften
Questions about mutluluk
What is the plural of mutluluk?
The plural of mutluluk ("happiness") is mutluluklar. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of mutluluk is u, a back vowel, so it takes -lar. The plural then takes case endings: mutlulukları, mutluluklarda, mutluluklardan.
How do you say "to the happiness" in Turkish?
"To the happiness" is mutluluğa, the dative case (-a). Similarly, "in / at the happiness" is mutlulukta (locative) and "from the happiness" is mutluluktan (ablative).
Why does mutluluk become mutluluğu?
Final p, ç, t and k soften to b, c, d and ğ (g after n) when a vowel follows. Mutluluk follows this rule, so the accusative is mutluluğu and "my happiness" is mutluluğum. Before a consonant the hard letter stays: mutlulukta, mutluluklar.
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