Hayal Declension: Turkish Cases of 'dream'
hayal means “dream, imagination”. Although its last vowel is a, it is a loanword that takes front-vowel suffixes (e/i/ü), so the plural is hayaller. It is a regular noun: suffixes attach directly to hayal, as in hayali and hayalde.
Quick facts
- Plural
- hayaller
- dreams
- Harmony
- Front unrounded
- suffix vowels e / i (loanword)
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- hayali
- accusative, “the dream”
Rules this noun follows
- Loanword exception — This loanword takes front (e/i/ü) suffixes even though its last vowel is back.hayaller, hayali, hayale
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).hayalim, hayalin
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).hayalini, hayalinde
Hayal in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -ler before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | hayaldream | hayallerdreams |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | hayalithe dream (object) | hayallerithe dreams (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | hayaleto the dream | hayallereto the dreams |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | hayaldein / at the dream | hayallerdein / at the dreams |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | hayaldenfrom the dream | hayallerdenfrom the dreams |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | hayalinthe dream's / of the dream | hayallerinthe dreams's / of the dreams |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | hayallewith the dream | hayallerlewith the dreams |
Possessive forms: “my dream”, “your dream”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (hayalinde). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | hayalimmy dream | hayalimimy dream (object) | hayalimeto my dream | hayalimdein / at my dream | hayalimdenfrom my dream |
| seninyour | hayalinyour dream | hayaliniyour dream (object) | hayalineto your dream | hayalindein / at your dream | hayalindenfrom your dream |
| onunhis/her/its | hayalihis/her dream | hayalinihis/her dream (object) | hayalineto his/her dream | hayalindein / at his/her dream | hayalindenfrom his/her dream |
| bizimour | hayalimizour dream | hayalimiziour dream (object) | hayalimizeto our dream | hayalimizdein / at our dream | hayalimizdenfrom our dream |
| sizinyour (pl.) | hayalinizyour (pl.) dream | hayaliniziyour (pl.) dream (object) | hayalinizeto your (pl.) dream | hayalinizdein / at your (pl.) dream | hayalinizdenfrom your (pl.) dream |
| onlarıntheir | hayalleritheir dreams | hayallerinitheir dreams (object) | hayallerineto their dreams | hayallerindein / at their dreams | hayallerindenfrom their dreams |
Plural + possessive: hayallerim (my dreams) · hayallerin (your dreams) · hayalleri (his/her dreams) · hayallerimiz (our dreams) · hayalleriniz (your (pl.) dreams) · hayalleri (their dreams)
Hayal in example sentences
Hayallerini gerçekleştirmek için çok çalıştı.
She worked hard to make her dreams come true.
Accusative case
Watch out with hayal
- Front suffixes after a back vowel. This loanword takes front-vowel suffixes: hayaller, hayali, hayalde — not
*hayallar,*hayalı. Rule → - Two meanings of hayalin. hayalin is both "of the dream" (genitive) and "your dream" (possessive). hayali is likewise both the object form and "his/her dream". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: feelings & the mind
- akıl mind
- dert trouble
- dikkat attention
- düşünce thought
- his feeling
- keyif pleasure
- merak curiosity
- mutluluk happiness
- sabır patience
- sevgi love
Other loanwords with front harmony
Questions about hayal
What is the plural of hayal?
The plural of hayal ("dream") is hayaller. Hayal is a loanword that takes front-vowel suffixes despite its last vowel a, so it is hayaller, not hayallar. The plural then takes case endings: hayalleri, hayallerde, hayallerden.
How do you say "to the dream" in Turkish?
"To the dream" is hayale, the dative case (-e). Similarly, "in / at the dream" is hayalde (locative) and "from the dream" is hayalden (ablative).
Why is it hayaller and not hayallar?
Hayal is a loanword whose final consonant was originally "soft" (palatal), so it takes front-vowel suffixes even though its last vowel is a: hayaller, hayali, hayalde. Other examples are saat, kalp, rol and hal.
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