Turkish Noun Case Chart: All Suffixes, Printable

Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart (Printable Cheat Sheet)

Turkish has seven noun cases, and each suffix has up to eight spellings depending on vowel harmony, whether the word ends in a vowel, and whether it ends in a voiceless consonant. This sheet lays out every variant in one grid, so you can see at a glance why it is kapıyı but evi, okulda but kitapta, arabanın but evin.

Below the grid, six common nouns are declined through all seven cases, chosen to show each pattern you will meet: a front-vowel word (ev), a rounded back vowel (okul), consonant softening (kitap → kitabı), a vowel-final noun (araba, kedi) and vowel drop (şehir → şehri). All forms are generated by our tested declension engine.

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Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart

Seven cases × harmony variants × buffer letters, with six nouns declined in full

TurkLogic · A1–A2

1 · Every case suffix and its variants

Case	Pattern	After a consonant	After a vowel	ev · araba · kitap
Nominative Yalın hâl	—	No suffix: subject, dictionary form, indefinite object (kitap okudum)		ev · araba · kitap
Accusative Belirtme hâli	`-(y)I`	ı · i · u · ü	yı · yi · yu · yü	evi · arabayı · kitabı
Dative Yönelme hâli	`-(y)A`	a · e	ya · ye	eve · arabaya · kitaba
Locative Bulunma hâli	`-DA`	da · de after f s t k ç ş h p: ta · te	da · de	evde · arabada · kitapta
Ablative Ayrılma hâli	`-DAn`	dan · den after f s t k ç ş h p: tan · ten	dan · den	evden · arabadan · kitaptan
Genitive İlgi hâli	`-(n)In`	ın · in · un · ün	nın · nin · nun · nün	evin · arabanın · kitabın
Instrumental Vasıta hâli	`-(y)lA`	la · le	yla · yle	evle · arabayla · kitapla

A = a/e · I = ı/i/u/ü · D = d/t · letters in brackets are used only after a vowel.

2 · What each case means

Nominative	subject / dictionary form	Ev büyük. The house is big.
Accusative	the … (definite object)	Kitabı okudum. I read the book.
Dative	to / towards …	Okula gidiyorum. I'm going to school.
Locative	in / at / on …	Ali evde. Ali is at home.
Ablative	from …	İşten geliyorum. I'm coming from work.
Genitive	…'s / of …	arabanın rengi the car's colour
Instrumental	with / by …	Otobüsle geldim. I came by bus.

3 · Buffer letters and sound rules

y · n between vowels

araba → arabayı, arabaya, arabayla · genitive: arabanın

Hardening and softening

kitap → kitapta, kitaptan (d → t) · kitabı, kitaba (p → b)

Pronominal n after -(s)I

arabası · arabasını · arabasına · arabasında · arabasından · arabasının · arabasıyla

evi · evini · evine · evinde · evinden · evinin · eviyle

Proper nouns take an apostrophe

İstanbul'da · Ankara'ya · Ali'nin · Türkiye'den · Ayşe'yi

4 · Six nouns, every case

Case	ev	okul	kitap	araba	kedi	şehir
Nominative	ev	okul	kitap	araba	kedi	şehir
Accusative	evi	okulu	kitabı	arabayı	kediyi	şehri
Dative	eve	okula	kitaba	arabaya	kediye	şehre
Locative	evde	okulda	kitapta	arabada	kedide	şehirde
Ablative	evden	okuldan	kitaptan	arabadan	kediden	şehirden
Genitive	evin	okulun	kitabın	arabanın	kedinin	şehrin
Instrumental	evle	okulla	kitapla	arabayla	kediyle	şehirle
Plural	evler	okullar	kitaplar	arabalar	kediler	şehirler
Plural + locative	evlerde	okullarda	kitaplarda	arabalarda	kedilerde	şehirlerde
Plural + accusative	evleri	okulları	kitapları	arabaları	kedileri	şehirleri

Patterns shown: front vowels (ev), rounded back vowel (okul), softening p → b (kitap), vowel-final with buffer letters (araba, kedi) and vowel drop (şehir → şehri, but şehirde). The plural -lAr always comes before the case: ev + ler + de.

Noun Case Chart: FAQ

What do the capital letters in -DA, -(y)I and -(n)In mean?

They are placeholders. A stands for a or e (2-way harmony), I for ı, i, u or ü (4-way harmony) and D for d or t (t after a voiceless consonant). Letters in brackets, like (y) or (n), are only used when the word ends in a vowel.

When does the locative -DA become -ta or -te?

After the voiceless consonants f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h and p (remember them with "FıSTıKÇı ŞaHaP"): kitapta, ağaçta, sokakta, otobüste. The same happens to the ablative: kitaptan, otobüsten.

Why is it arabasında and not arabasıda?

After a 3rd-person possessive (-(s)I or -lArI), case suffixes add an extra n, called the pronominal n: arabası → arabasını, arabasına, arabasında, arabasından. The sheet has a box with these forms.

How do I save the noun case chart as a PDF?

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Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart (Printable Cheat Sheet)

Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart

1 · Every case suffix and its variants

2 · What each case means

3 · Buffer letters and sound rules

y · n between vowels

Hardening and softening

Pronominal n after -(s)I

Proper nouns take an apostrophe

4 · Six nouns, every case

Learn the rules behind this sheet

Practice it

More printable sheets

Noun Case Chart: FAQ

Turn the cheat sheet into practice

🧱 Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart (Printable Cheat Sheet)

Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart

1 · Every case suffix and its variants

2 · What each case means

3 · Buffer letters and sound rules

y · n between vowels

Hardening and softening

Pronominal n after -(s)I

Proper nouns take an apostrophe

4 · Six nouns, every case

Learn the rules behind this sheet

Practice it

More printable sheets

Noun Case Chart: FAQ

Turn the cheat sheet into practice

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Turkish Noun Case Suffix Chart (Printable Cheat Sheet)