Vurmak Conjugation: All Turkish Tenses of 'to hit'
vurmak means “to hit”. Its stem is vur-, so “I am hitting” is vuruyorum, “I hit” is vurdum and “I will hit” is vuracağım. Below you'll find every form in 10 tenses and moods, with negatives, questions and English meanings.
Quick facts
- Stem
- vur-infinitive minus -mak
- Meaning
- to hit
- Aorist
- vurur-ir / -ır / -ur / -ür — irregular: one of the 13 one-syllable stems that take -Ir instead of -Ar
- Vowel harmony
- back rounded (a / u) — last stem vowel u
- Takes
- Topa vurdu.dative -(y)e / -(y)a
- Level
- CEFR B1 · #151 of 247 by frequency
At a glance
One form per tense, split into its suffixes. Tap 🔊 to hear it.
- vuruyorumvur·uyor·umPresent Continuous · I am hitting
- vurdumvur·du·mDefinite Past · I hit
- vurmuşumvur·muş·umReported Past · I apparently hit
- vuracağımvur·acağ·ımFuture · I will hit
- vururumvur·ur·umAorist (Simple Present) · I hit
- vurmalıyımvur·malı·yımNecessitative · I must hit
- vursamvur·sa·mConditional · if I hit
- vurvurImperative & Optative · Hit!
- vurabilirimvur·abil·ir·imAbility (can) · I can hit
- vuruyordumvur·uyor·du·mPast Continuous · I was hitting
Example sentences with vurmak
Common mistakes with vurmak
- Topa vurdu.
Vurmak takes the dative (-(y)e / -(y)a), not a direct object: Topa vurdu. = "He kicked (hit) the ball". What gets struck takes the dative: kapıya vurmak = to knock on the door. Light and weather "strike" too: güneş pencereye vuruyor = the sun is shining on the window. Learn the rule →
- Incorrect: vurarvurur
Vurmak is one of only 13 one-syllable verbs that take -Ir in the aorist instead of -Ar: vurur, vururum, vururuz. Learn the rule →
- Incorrect: vurmazımvurmam
The negative aorist drops its -z in the first person: vurmam ("I do not hit"), vurmayız — but vurmaz, vurmazsın. Learn the rule →
Full conjugation of vurmak
All 10 tenses and moods × 6 persons, in positive, negative, question and negative-question form. Imperative questions do not exist for sen and siz.
Present ContinuousŞimdiki Zamanvuruyor
Actions happening right now, ongoing situations and near-future plans. Marker: -(I)yor. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vuruyorumI am hitting | vurmuyorumI am not hitting | vuruyor muyumAm I hitting? | vurmuyor muyumAm I not hitting? |
| senyou | vuruyorsunyou are hitting | vurmuyorsunyou are not hitting | vuruyor musunAre you hitting? | vurmuyor musunAre you not hitting? |
| ohe/she | vuruyorhe/she is hitting | vurmuyorhe/she is not hitting | vuruyor muIs he/she hitting? | vurmuyor muIs he/she not hitting? |
| bizwe | vuruyoruzwe are hitting | vurmuyoruzwe are not hitting | vuruyor muyuzAre we hitting? | vurmuyor muyuzAre we not hitting? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vuruyorsunuzyou (pl.) are hitting | vurmuyorsunuzyou (pl.) are not hitting | vuruyor musunuzAre you (pl.) hitting? | vurmuyor musunuzAre you (pl.) not hitting? |
| onlarthey | vuruyorlarthey are hitting | vurmuyorlarthey are not hitting | vuruyorlar mıAre they hitting? | vurmuyorlar mıAre they not hitting? |
Definite PastGörülen Geçmiş Zamanvurdu
Completed past actions the speaker witnessed or is certain about. Marker: -DI. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vurdumI hit | vurmadımI did not hit | vurdum muDid I hit? | vurmadım mıDidn't I hit? |
| senyou | vurdunyou hit | vurmadınyou did not hit | vurdun muDid you hit? | vurmadın mıDidn't you hit? |
| ohe/she | vurduhe/she hit | vurmadıhe/she did not hit | vurdu muDid he/she hit? | vurmadı mıDidn't he/she hit? |
| bizwe | vurdukwe hit | vurmadıkwe did not hit | vurduk muDid we hit? | vurmadık mıDidn't we hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vurdunuzyou (pl.) hit | vurmadınızyou (pl.) did not hit | vurdunuz muDid you (pl.) hit? | vurmadınız mıDidn't you (pl.) hit? |
| onlarthey | vurdularthey hit | vurmadılarthey did not hit | vurdular mıDid they hit? | vurmadılar mıDidn't they hit? |
Reported PastÖğrenilen Geçmiş Zamanvurmuş
Past events learned from others, inferred, or noticed with surprise. Marker: -mIş. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vurmuşumI apparently hit | vurmamışımI apparently did not hit | vurmuş muyumDid I hit? (reportedly) | vurmamış mıyımDidn't I hit? (reportedly) |
| senyou | vurmuşsunyou apparently hit | vurmamışsınyou apparently did not hit | vurmuş musunDid you hit? (reportedly) | vurmamış mısınDidn't you hit? (reportedly) |
| ohe/she | vurmuşhe/she apparently hit | vurmamışhe/she apparently did not hit | vurmuş muDid he/she hit? (reportedly) | vurmamış mıDidn't he/she hit? (reportedly) |
| bizwe | vurmuşuzwe apparently hit | vurmamışızwe apparently did not hit | vurmuş muyuzDid we hit? (reportedly) | vurmamış mıyızDidn't we hit? (reportedly) |
| sizyou (pl.) | vurmuşsunuzyou (pl.) apparently hit | vurmamışsınızyou (pl.) apparently did not hit | vurmuş musunuzDid you (pl.) hit? (reportedly) | vurmamış mısınızDidn't you (pl.) hit? (reportedly) |
| onlarthey | vurmuşlarthey apparently hit | vurmamışlarthey apparently did not hit | vurmuşlar mıDid they hit? (reportedly) | vurmamışlar mıDidn't they hit? (reportedly) |
FutureGelecek Zamanvuracak
Plans, predictions and decisions about the future. Marker: -(y)AcAk. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vuracağımI will hit | vurmayacağımI will not hit | vuracak mıyımWill I hit? | vurmayacak mıyımWon't I hit? |
| senyou | vuracaksınyou will hit | vurmayacaksınyou will not hit | vuracak mısınWill you hit? | vurmayacak mısınWon't you hit? |
| ohe/she | vuracakhe/she will hit | vurmayacakhe/she will not hit | vuracak mıWill he/she hit? | vurmayacak mıWon't he/she hit? |
| bizwe | vuracağızwe will hit | vurmayacağızwe will not hit | vuracak mıyızWill we hit? | vurmayacak mıyızWon't we hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vuracaksınızyou (pl.) will hit | vurmayacaksınızyou (pl.) will not hit | vuracak mısınızWill you (pl.) hit? | vurmayacak mısınızWon't you (pl.) hit? |
| onlarthey | vuracaklarthey will hit | vurmayacaklarthey will not hit | vuracaklar mıWill they hit? | vurmayacaklar mıWon't they hit? |
Aorist (Simple Present)Geniş Zamanvurur
Habits, general truths, willingness and polite requests. Marker: -r / -Ar / -Ir (neg. -mAz). Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vururumI hit | vurmamI do not hit | vurur muyumDo I hit? | vurmaz mıyımDon't I hit? |
| senyou | vurursunyou hit | vurmazsınyou do not hit | vurur musunDo you hit? | vurmaz mısınDon't you hit? |
| ohe/she | vururhe/she hits | vurmazhe/she does not hit | vurur muDoes he/she hit? | vurmaz mıDoesn't he/she hit? |
| bizwe | vururuzwe hit | vurmayızwe do not hit | vurur muyuzDo we hit? | vurmaz mıyızDon't we hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vurursunuzyou (pl.) hit | vurmazsınızyou (pl.) do not hit | vurur musunuzDo you (pl.) hit? | vurmaz mısınızDon't you (pl.) hit? |
| onlarthey | vururlarthey hit | vurmazlarthey do not hit | vururlar mıDo they hit? | vurmazlar mıDon't they hit? |
NecessitativeGereklilik Kipivurmalı
Obligation and advice: must, should, ought to. Marker: -mAlI. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vurmalıyımI must hit | vurmamalıyımI must not hit | vurmalı mıyımMust I hit? | vurmamalı mıyımMustn't I hit? |
| senyou | vurmalısınyou must hit | vurmamalısınyou must not hit | vurmalı mısınMust you hit? | vurmamalı mısınMustn't you hit? |
| ohe/she | vurmalıhe/she must hit | vurmamalıhe/she must not hit | vurmalı mıMust he/she hit? | vurmamalı mıMustn't he/she hit? |
| bizwe | vurmalıyızwe must hit | vurmamalıyızwe must not hit | vurmalı mıyızMust we hit? | vurmamalı mıyızMustn't we hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vurmalısınızyou (pl.) must hit | vurmamalısınızyou (pl.) must not hit | vurmalı mısınızMust you (pl.) hit? | vurmamalı mısınızMustn't you (pl.) hit? |
| onlarthey | vurmalılarthey must hit | vurmamalılarthey must not hit | vurmalılar mıMust they hit? | vurmamalılar mıMustn't they hit? |
ConditionalDilek-Şart Kipivursa
Conditions and wishes: "if I…", "if only…", "what if I…?". Marker: -sA. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vursamif I hit | vurmasamif I did not hit | vursam mıShould I hit? | vurmasam mıShould I not hit? |
| senyou | vursanif you hit | vurmasanif you did not hit | vursan mıShould you hit? | vurmasan mıShould you not hit? |
| ohe/she | vursaif he/she hit | vurmasaif he/she did not hit | vursa mıShould he/she hit? | vurmasa mıShould he/she not hit? |
| bizwe | vursakif we hit | vurmasakif we did not hit | vursak mıShould we hit? | vurmasak mıShould we not hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vursanızif you (pl.) hit | vurmasanızif you (pl.) did not hit | vursanız mıShould you (pl.) hit? | vurmasanız mıShould you (pl.) not hit? |
| onlarthey | vursalarif they hit | vurmasalarif they did not hit | vursalar mıShould they hit? | vurmasalar mıShould they not hit? |
Imperative & OptativeEmir ve İstek Kipivur
Commands ("Go!") and suggestions ("Let me…", "Let's…"). Marker: Ø / -sIn / -(y)In; -(y)AyIm / -(y)AlIm. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vurayımlet me hit | vurmayayımlet me not hit | vurayım mıShall I hit? | vurmayayım mıShall I not hit? |
| senyou | vurHit! | vurmaDon't hit! | — | — |
| ohe/she | vursunlet him/her hit | vurmasınlet him/her not hit | vursun muShall he/she hit? | vurmasın mıShall he/she not hit? |
| bizwe | vuralımlet's hit | vurmayalımlet's not hit | vuralım mıShall we hit? | vurmayalım mıShall we not hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vurunHit! (pl./polite) | vurmayınDon't hit! (pl./polite) | — | — |
| onlarthey | vursunlarlet them hit | vurmasınlarlet them not hit | vursunlar mıShall they hit? | vurmasınlar mıShall they not hit? |
Ability (can)Yeterlilikvurabilir
What someone can or cannot do, and permission. Marker: -(y)Abil- + aorist (neg. -(y)AmA-). Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vurabilirimI can hit | vuramamI cannot hit | vurabilir miyimCan I hit? | vuramaz mıyımCan't I hit? |
| senyou | vurabilirsinyou can hit | vuramazsınyou cannot hit | vurabilir misinCan you hit? | vuramaz mısınCan't you hit? |
| ohe/she | vurabilirhe/she can hit | vuramazhe/she cannot hit | vurabilir miCan he/she hit? | vuramaz mıCan't he/she hit? |
| bizwe | vurabilirizwe can hit | vuramayızwe cannot hit | vurabilir miyizCan we hit? | vuramaz mıyızCan't we hit? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vurabilirsinizyou (pl.) can hit | vuramazsınızyou (pl.) cannot hit | vurabilir misinizCan you (pl.) hit? | vuramaz mısınızCan't you (pl.) hit? |
| onlarthey | vurabilirlerthey can hit | vuramazlarthey cannot hit | vurabilirler miCan they hit? | vuramazlar mıCan't they hit? |
Past ContinuousŞimdiki Zamanın Hikâyesivuruyordu
What was happening at a moment in the past. Marker: -(I)yordu. Grammar guide · Open in the conjugator
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question | Negative question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| benI | vuruyordumI was hitting | vurmuyordumI was not hitting | vuruyor muydumWas I hitting? | vurmuyor muydumWas I not hitting? |
| senyou | vuruyordunyou were hitting | vurmuyordunyou were not hitting | vuruyor muydunWere you hitting? | vurmuyor muydunWere you not hitting? |
| ohe/she | vuruyorduhe/she was hitting | vurmuyorduhe/she was not hitting | vuruyor muyduWas he/she hitting? | vurmuyor muyduWas he/she not hitting? |
| bizwe | vuruyordukwe were hitting | vurmuyordukwe were not hitting | vuruyor muydukWere we hitting? | vurmuyor muydukWere we not hitting? |
| sizyou (pl.) | vuruyordunuzyou (pl.) were hitting | vurmuyordunuzyou (pl.) were not hitting | vuruyor muydunuzWere you (pl.) hitting? | vurmuyor muydunuzWere you (pl.) not hitting? |
| onlarthey | vuruyorlardıthey were hitting | vurmuyorlardıthey were not hitting | vuruyorlar mıydıWere they hitting? | vurmuyorlar mıydıWere they not hitting? |
Related verbs
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Frequently asked questions
What is the past tense of vurmak?
The definite past (-DI) of vurmak is vurdum (I hit), vurdun, vurdu, vurduk, vurdunuz, vurdular. The negative is vurmadım (I did not hit), and the reported past is vurmuş (he/she apparently hit).
Is vurmak irregular?
Only in the aorist (simple present). One-syllable stems normally take -Ar, but vurmak is one of 13 exceptions that take -Ir: vurur, vururum; negative vurmam. Every other tense is regular: vuruyorum, vurdum, vuracağım.
How do you say "I will hit" in Turkish?
"I will hit" is vuracağım. "I won't hit" is vurmayacağım, and "Will you hit?" is vuracak mısın? For plans you have already made, Turkish also uses the present continuous: vuruyorum.
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