İlaç Declension: Turkish Cases of 'medicine'
ilaç means “medicine”. Its last vowel is a, so 2-way suffixes use a (ilaçlar) and 4-way suffixes use ı (ilacın). Its final ç softens to c before a vowel (ilacı, ilaca) but stays hard before a consonant (ilaçta).
Quick facts
- Plural
- ilaçlar
- medicines
- Harmony
- Back unrounded
- suffix vowels a / ı
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- ilacı
- accusative, “the medicine”
Rules this noun follows
- Consonant softening — A final p, ç, t, k softens to b, c, d, ğ before a vowel.ilacı, ilaca, ilacım
- Consonant hardening — After f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p a suffix-initial d becomes t (and c becomes ç).ilaçta, ilaçtan
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).ilacım, ilacın
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).ilacını, ilacında
İlaç in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -lar before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | ilaçmedicine | ilaçlarmedicines |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | ilacıthe medicine (object) | ilaçlarıthe medicines (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | ilacato the medicine | ilaçlarato the medicines |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | ilaçtain / at the medicine | ilaçlardain / at the medicines |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | ilaçtanfrom the medicine | ilaçlardanfrom the medicines |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | ilacınthe medicine's / of the medicine | ilaçlarınthe medicines's / of the medicines |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | ilaçlawith the medicine | ilaçlarlawith the medicines |
Possessive forms: “my medicine”, “your medicine”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (ilacında). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | ilacımmy medicine | ilacımımy medicine (object) | ilacımato my medicine | ilacımdain / at my medicine | ilacımdanfrom my medicine |
| seninyour | ilacınyour medicine | ilacınıyour medicine (object) | ilacınato your medicine | ilacındain / at your medicine | ilacındanfrom your medicine |
| onunhis/her/its | ilacıhis/her medicine | ilacınıhis/her medicine (object) | ilacınato his/her medicine | ilacındain / at his/her medicine | ilacındanfrom his/her medicine |
| bizimour | ilacımızour medicine | ilacımızıour medicine (object) | ilacımızato our medicine | ilacımızdain / at our medicine | ilacımızdanfrom our medicine |
| sizinyour (pl.) | ilacınızyour (pl.) medicine | ilacınızıyour (pl.) medicine (object) | ilacınızato your (pl.) medicine | ilacınızdain / at your (pl.) medicine | ilacınızdanfrom your (pl.) medicine |
| onlarıntheir | ilaçlarıtheir medicines | ilaçlarınıtheir medicines (object) | ilaçlarınato their medicines | ilaçlarındain / at their medicines | ilaçlarındanfrom their medicines |
Plural + possessive: ilaçlarım (my medicines) · ilaçların (your medicines) · ilaçları (his/her medicines) · ilaçlarımız (our medicines) · ilaçlarınız (your (pl.) medicines) · ilaçları (their medicines)
İlaç in example sentences
Watch out with ilaç
- Softening before vowels. Final ç softens before a vowel: ilacı, ilaca, ilacım (not
*ilaçı). Before a consonant it stays hard: ilaçta, ilaçlar. Rule → - Locative with t, not d. After a voiceless consonant the locative and ablative start with t: ilaçta, ilaçtan (not
*ilaçda). Rule → - Two meanings of ilacın. ilacın is both "of the medicine" (genitive) and "your medicine" (possessive). ilacı is likewise both the object form and "his/her medicine". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: everyday objects
- cep pocket
- cüzdan wallet
- dergi magazine
- gözlük glasses
- havlu towel
- kutu box
- mektup letter
- oyuncak toy
- sabun soap
- şemsiye umbrella
Other nouns that soften
Questions about ilaç
What is the plural of ilaç?
The plural of ilaç ("medicine") is ilaçlar. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of ilaç is a, a back vowel, so it takes -lar. The plural then takes case endings: ilaçları, ilaçlarda, ilaçlardan.
How do you say "to the medicine" in Turkish?
"To the medicine" is ilaca, the dative case (-a). Similarly, "in / at the medicine" is ilaçta (locative) and "from the medicine" is ilaçtan (ablative).
Why does ilaç become ilacı?
Final p, ç, t and k soften to b, c, d and ğ (g after n) when a vowel follows. İlaç follows this rule, so the accusative is ilacı and "my medicine" is ilacım. Before a consonant the hard letter stays: ilaçta, ilaçlar.
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