Hak Declension: Turkish Cases of 'right'
hak means “right”. Its last vowel is a, so 2-way suffixes use a (haklar) and 4-way suffixes use ı (hakkın). Its final consonant doubles before a vowel: hakkı, hakkım.
Quick facts
- Plural
- haklar
- rights
- Harmony
- Back unrounded
- suffix vowels a / ı
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- hakkı
- accusative, “the right”
Rules this noun follows
- Consonant doubling — This Arabic loanword doubles its final consonant before a vowel.hakkı, hakkım
- Consonant hardening — After f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p a suffix-initial d becomes t (and c becomes ç).hakta, haktan
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).hakkım, hakkın
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).hakkını, hakkında
Hak in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -lar before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | hakright | haklarrights |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | hakkıthe right (object) | haklarıthe rights (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | hakkato the right | haklarato the rights |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | haktain / at the right | haklardain / at the rights |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | haktanfrom the right | haklardanfrom the rights |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | hakkınthe right's / of the right | haklarınthe rights's / of the rights |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | haklawith the right | haklarlawith the rights |
Possessive forms: “my right”, “your right”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (hakkında). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | hakkımmy right | hakkımımy right (object) | hakkımato my right | hakkımdain / at my right | hakkımdanfrom my right |
| seninyour | hakkınyour right | hakkınıyour right (object) | hakkınato your right | hakkındain / at your right | hakkındanfrom your right |
| onunhis/her/its | hakkıhis/her right | hakkınıhis/her right (object) | hakkınato his/her right | hakkındain / at his/her right | hakkındanfrom his/her right |
| bizimour | hakkımızour right | hakkımızıour right (object) | hakkımızato our right | hakkımızdain / at our right | hakkımızdanfrom our right |
| sizinyour (pl.) | hakkınızyour (pl.) right | hakkınızıyour (pl.) right (object) | hakkınızato your (pl.) right | hakkınızdain / at your (pl.) right | hakkınızdanfrom your (pl.) right |
| onlarıntheir | haklarıtheir rights | haklarınıtheir rights (object) | haklarınato their rights | haklarındain / at their rights | haklarındanfrom their rights |
Plural + possessive: haklarım (my rights) · hakların (your rights) · hakları (his/her rights) · haklarımız (our rights) · haklarınız (your (pl.) rights) · hakları (their rights)
Hak in example sentences
Watch out with hak
- The final consonant doubles. Before a vowel the last consonant is written twice: hakkı, hakkım (not
*hakı). Consonant suffixes don’t double: haklar, hakta. Rule → - Useful idiom. hakkında (literally "in its right") is the standard way to say "about": Bu konu hakkında "about this subject".
- Locative with t, not d. After a voiceless consonant the locative and ablative start with t: hakta, haktan (not
*hakda). Rule → - Two meanings of hakkın. hakkın is both "of the right" (genitive) and "your right" (possessive). hakkı is likewise both the object form and "his/her right". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: society & health
- barış peace
- devlet state
- hastalık illness
- kayıp loss
- millet nation
- özgürlük freedom
- suç fault
- hukuk law
- sağlık health
Other nouns that double their last consonant
Questions about hak
What is the plural of hak?
The plural of hak ("right") is haklar. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of hak is a, a back vowel, so it takes -lar. The plural then takes case endings: hakları, haklarda, haklardan.
How do you say "to the right" in Turkish?
"To the right" is hakka, the dative case (-a). Similarly, "in / at the right" is hakta (locative) and "from the right" is haktan (ablative).
Why does hak become hakkı?
Hak is an Arabic loanword whose original double consonant comes back before a vowel-initial suffix: hakkı, hakka, hakkım. Before consonants it is written once: haklar, hakta.
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