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CEFR B1Shapes, parts & position

Gölge Declension: Turkish Cases of 'shadow'

gölge means “shadow”. Its last vowel is e, so 2-way suffixes use e (gölgeler) and 4-way suffixes use i (gölgenin). Because it ends in a vowel, vowel-initial suffixes need a buffer letter: gölgeyi, gölgenin, gölgesi.

Quick facts

Plural
gölgeler
shadows
Harmony
Front unrounded
suffix vowels e / i
Ends in
a vowel
buffer letters y / n / s
Object form
gölgeyi
accusative, “the shadow”

Rules this noun follows

  • Buffer letter y — y separates two vowels (kapı-y-ı).gölgeyi, gölgeye, gölgeyle
  • Buffer letter n — n separates two vowels in the genitive (kapı-n-ın).gölgenin
  • Buffer letter s — s separates two vowels in the 3rd-person possessive (kapı-s-ı).gölgesi
  • Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).gölgesini, gölgesinde

Gölge in all seven cases

The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -ler before the case ending.

CaseSingularPlural
NominativeYalın hâl · no endinggölgeshadowgölgelershadows
AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)Igölgeyithe shadow (object)gölgelerithe shadows (object)
DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)Agölgeyeto the shadowgölgelereto the shadows
LocativeBulunma hâli · -DAgölgedein / at the shadowgölgelerdein / at the shadows
AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAngölgedenfrom the shadowgölgelerdenfrom the shadows
Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)Ingölgeninthe shadow's / of the shadowgölgelerinthe shadows's / of the shadows
InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lAgölgeylewith the shadowgölgelerlewith the shadows

Possessive forms: “my shadow”, “your shadow”…

The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (gölgesinde). See possessive suffixes.

OwnerNominativeAccusativeDativeLocativeAblative
benimmygölgemmy shadowgölgemimy shadow (object)gölgemeto my shadowgölgemdein / at my shadowgölgemdenfrom my shadow
seninyourgölgenyour shadowgölgeniyour shadow (object)gölgeneto your shadowgölgendein / at your shadowgölgendenfrom your shadow
onunhis/her/itsgölgesihis/her shadowgölgesinihis/her shadow (object)gölgesineto his/her shadowgölgesindein / at his/her shadowgölgesindenfrom his/her shadow
bizimourgölgemizour shadowgölgemiziour shadow (object)gölgemizeto our shadowgölgemizdein / at our shadowgölgemizdenfrom our shadow
sizinyour (pl.)gölgenizyour (pl.) shadowgölgeniziyour (pl.) shadow (object)gölgenizeto your (pl.) shadowgölgenizdein / at your (pl.) shadowgölgenizdenfrom your (pl.) shadow
onlarıntheirgölgeleritheir shadowsgölgelerinitheir shadows (object)gölgelerineto their shadowsgölgelerindein / at their shadowsgölgelerindenfrom their shadows

Plural + possessive: gölgelerim (my shadows) · gölgelerin (your shadows) · gölgeleri (his/her shadows) · gölgelerimiz (our shadows) · gölgeleriniz (your (pl.) shadows) · gölgeleri (their shadows)

Gölge in example sentences

  • Sıcakta gölgede oturmak en iyisi.

    In the heat it's best to sit in the shade.

    Locative case
  • Akşamüstü gölgeler uzar.

    Shadows grow longer in the late afternoon.

    Nominative case
  • Kendi gölgesinden korkuyor.

    He's afraid of his own shadow.

    Ablative case

Watch out with gölge

  • Buffer letters after the final vowel. Vowel suffixes need a buffer: gölgeyi (y), gölgenin (n), gölgesi (s). After gölgesi a case suffix adds n: gölgesinde, not *gölgeside. Rule →

Related nouns and resources

Questions about gölge

What is the plural of gölge?

The plural of gölge ("shadow") is gölgeler. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of gölge is e, a front vowel, so it takes -ler. The plural then takes case endings: gölgeleri, gölgelerde, gölgelerden.

How do you say "to the shadow" in Turkish?

"To the shadow" is gölgeye, the dative case (-ye). Similarly, "in / at the shadow" is gölgede (locative) and "from the shadow" is gölgeden (ablative).

How do you say "my shadow" in Turkish?

"My shadow" is gölgem (often with the pronoun: benim gölgem). "Your shadow" is gölgen, "his/her shadow" is gölgesi and "my shadows" is gölgelerim.

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