Renk Declension: Turkish Cases of 'color'
renk means “color”. Its last vowel is e, so 2-way suffixes use e (renkler) and 4-way suffixes use i (rengin). Its final k softens to g before a vowel (rengi, renge) but stays hard before a consonant (renkte).
Quick facts
- Plural
- renkler
- colors
- Harmony
- Front unrounded
- suffix vowels e / i
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- rengi
- accusative, “the color”
Rules this noun follows
- Consonant softening — A final p, ç, t, k softens to b, c, d, ğ before a vowel.rengi, renge, rengim
- Consonant hardening — After f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p a suffix-initial d becomes t (and c becomes ç).renkte, renkten
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).rengim, rengin
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).rengini, renginde
Renk in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -ler before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | renkcolor | renklercolors |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | rengithe color (object) | renklerithe colors (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | rengeto the color | renklereto the colors |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | renktein / at the color | renklerdein / at the colors |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | renktenfrom the color | renklerdenfrom the colors |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | renginthe color's / of the color | renklerinthe colors's / of the colors |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | renklewith the color | renklerlewith the colors |
Possessive forms: “my color”, “your color”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (renginde). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | rengimmy color | rengimimy color (object) | rengimeto my color | rengimdein / at my color | rengimdenfrom my color |
| seninyour | renginyour color | renginiyour color (object) | rengineto your color | rengindein / at your color | rengindenfrom your color |
| onunhis/her/its | rengihis/her color | renginihis/her color (object) | rengineto his/her color | rengindein / at his/her color | rengindenfrom his/her color |
| bizimour | rengimizour color | rengimiziour color (object) | rengimizeto our color | rengimizdein / at our color | rengimizdenfrom our color |
| sizinyour (pl.) | renginizyour (pl.) color | renginiziyour (pl.) color (object) | renginizeto your (pl.) color | renginizdein / at your (pl.) color | renginizdenfrom your (pl.) color |
| onlarıntheir | renkleritheir colors | renklerinitheir colors (object) | renklerineto their colors | renklerindein / at their colors | renklerindenfrom their colors |
Plural + possessive: renklerim (my colors) · renklerin (your colors) · renkleri (his/her colors) · renklerimiz (our colors) · renkleriniz (your (pl.) colors) · renkleri (their colors)
Renk in example sentences
Watch out with renk
- A one-syllable word that softens. Final k softens before a vowel: rengi, renge, rengim (not
*renki). After n, k becomes g, not ğ. Before a consonant it stays hard: renkte, renkler. Most one-syllable words never soften (top → topu), so this one is worth memorising. Rule → - Locative with t, not d. After a voiceless consonant the locative and ablative start with t: renkte, renkten (not
*renkde). Rule → - Two meanings of rengin. rengin is both "of the color" (genitive) and "your color" (possessive). rengi is likewise both the object form and "his/her color". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: arts, media & sport
- film film
- futbol football
- müzik music
- oyun game
- spor sport
- şarkı song
- gol goal
- kültür culture
- rol role
- sanat art
Other nouns that soften
Questions about renk
What is the plural of renk?
The plural of renk ("color") is renkler. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of renk is e, a front vowel, so it takes -ler. The plural then takes case endings: renkleri, renklerde, renklerden.
How do you say "to the color" in Turkish?
"To the color" is renge, the dative case (-e). Similarly, "in / at the color" is renkte (locative) and "from the color" is renkten (ablative).
Why does renk become rengi?
Final p, ç, t and k soften to b, c, d and ğ (g after n) when a vowel follows. Renk follows this rule, so the accusative is rengi and "my color" is rengim. Before a consonant the hard letter stays: renkte, renkler.
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