Portakal Declension: Turkish Cases of 'orange'
portakal means “orange”. Its last vowel is a, so 2-way suffixes use a (portakallar) and 4-way suffixes use ı (portakalın). It is a regular noun: suffixes attach directly to portakal, as in portakalı and portakalda.
Quick facts
- Plural
- portakallar
- oranges
- Harmony
- Back unrounded
- suffix vowels a / ı
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- portakalı
- accusative, “the orange”
Rules this noun follows
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).portakalım, portakalın
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).portakalını, portakalında
Portakal in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -lar before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | portakalorange | portakallaroranges |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | portakalıthe orange (object) | portakallarıthe oranges (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | portakalato the orange | portakallarato the oranges |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | portakaldain / at the orange | portakallardain / at the oranges |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | portakaldanfrom the orange | portakallardanfrom the oranges |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | portakalınthe orange's / of the orange | portakallarınthe oranges's / of the oranges |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | portakallawith the orange | portakallarlawith the oranges |
Possessive forms: “my orange”, “your orange”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (portakalında). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | portakalımmy orange | portakalımımy orange (object) | portakalımato my orange | portakalımdain / at my orange | portakalımdanfrom my orange |
| seninyour | portakalınyour orange | portakalınıyour orange (object) | portakalınato your orange | portakalındain / at your orange | portakalındanfrom your orange |
| onunhis/her/its | portakalıhis/her orange | portakalınıhis/her orange (object) | portakalınato his/her orange | portakalındain / at his/her orange | portakalındanfrom his/her orange |
| bizimour | portakalımızour orange | portakalımızıour orange (object) | portakalımızato our orange | portakalımızdain / at our orange | portakalımızdanfrom our orange |
| sizinyour (pl.) | portakalınızyour (pl.) orange | portakalınızıyour (pl.) orange (object) | portakalınızato your (pl.) orange | portakalınızdain / at your (pl.) orange | portakalınızdanfrom your (pl.) orange |
| onlarıntheir | portakallarıtheir oranges | portakallarınıtheir oranges (object) | portakallarınato their oranges | portakallarındain / at their oranges | portakallarındanfrom their oranges |
Plural + possessive: portakallarım (my oranges) · portakalların (your oranges) · portakalları (his/her oranges) · portakallarımız (our oranges) · portakallarınız (your (pl.) oranges) · portakalları (their oranges)
Portakal in example sentences
Watch out with portakal
- Two meanings of portakalın. portakalın is both "of the orange" (genitive) and "your orange" (possessive). portakalı is likewise both the object form and "his/her orange". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: food & drink
- bal honey
- balık fish
- çay tea
- çorba soup
- domates tomato
- ekmek bread
- elma apple
- et meat
- kahvaltı breakfast
- kahve coffee
Other back-vowel A1 nouns
Questions about portakal
What is the plural of portakal?
The plural of portakal ("orange") is portakallar. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of portakal is a, a back vowel, so it takes -lar. The plural then takes case endings: portakalları, portakallarda, portakallardan.
How do you say "to the orange" in Turkish?
"To the orange" is portakala, the dative case (-a). Similarly, "in / at the orange" is portakalda (locative) and "from the orange" is portakaldan (ablative).
How do you say "my orange" in Turkish?
"My orange" is portakalım (often with the pronoun: benim portakalım). "Your orange" is portakalın, "his/her orange" is portakalı and "my oranges" is portakallarım.
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