Ok Declension: Turkish Cases of 'arrow'
ok means “arrow”. Its last vowel is o, so 2-way suffixes use a (oklar) and 4-way suffixes use u (okun). It is a regular noun: suffixes attach directly to ok, as in oku and okta.
Quick facts
- Plural
- oklar
- arrows
- Harmony
- Back rounded
- suffix vowels a / u
- Ends in
- a consonant
- suffixes attach directly
- Object form
- oku
- accusative, “the arrow”
Rules this noun follows
- Consonant hardening — After f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p a suffix-initial d becomes t (and c becomes ç).okta, oktan
- Linking vowel — A harmonised vowel is inserted after a consonant (kitab-ı-m).okum, okun
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).okunu, okunda
Ok in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -lar before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | okarrow | oklararrows |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | okuthe arrow (object) | oklarıthe arrows (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | okato the arrow | oklarato the arrows |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | oktain / at the arrow | oklardain / at the arrows |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | oktanfrom the arrow | oklardanfrom the arrows |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | okunthe arrow's / of the arrow | oklarınthe arrows's / of the arrows |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | oklawith the arrow | oklarlawith the arrows |
Possessive forms: “my arrow”, “your arrow”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (okunda). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | okummy arrow | okumumy arrow (object) | okumato my arrow | okumdain / at my arrow | okumdanfrom my arrow |
| seninyour | okunyour arrow | okunuyour arrow (object) | okunato your arrow | okundain / at your arrow | okundanfrom your arrow |
| onunhis/her/its | okuhis/her arrow | okunuhis/her arrow (object) | okunato his/her arrow | okundain / at his/her arrow | okundanfrom his/her arrow |
| bizimour | okumuzour arrow | okumuzuour arrow (object) | okumuzato our arrow | okumuzdain / at our arrow | okumuzdanfrom our arrow |
| sizinyour (pl.) | okunuzyour (pl.) arrow | okunuzuyour (pl.) arrow (object) | okunuzato your (pl.) arrow | okunuzdain / at your (pl.) arrow | okunuzdanfrom your (pl.) arrow |
| onlarıntheir | oklarıtheir arrows | oklarınıtheir arrows (object) | oklarınato their arrows | oklarındain / at their arrows | oklarındanfrom their arrows |
Plural + possessive: oklarım (my arrows) · okların (your arrows) · okları (his/her arrows) · oklarımız (our arrows) · oklarınız (your (pl.) arrows) · okları (their arrows)
Ok in example sentences
Eski zamanlarda insanlar yay ve okla avlanırdı.
In the old days people hunted with bow and arrow.
Instrumental case
Watch out with ok
- This k does not soften. Unlike kitap → kitabı, ok keeps its k: oku, oka (not
*oğu). Most one-syllable nouns behave this way. Rule → - Locative with t, not d. After a voiceless consonant the locative and ablative start with t: okta, oktan (not
*okda). Rule → - Two meanings of okun. okun is both "of the arrow" (genitive) and "your arrow" (possessive). oku is likewise both the object form and "his/her arrow". Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: everyday objects
- ip rope
- cep pocket
- cüzdan wallet
- dergi magazine
- gözlük glasses
- havlu towel
- ilaç medicine
- kutu box
- mektup letter
- oyuncak toy
Other back-vowel B1 nouns
Questions about ok
What is the plural of ok?
The plural of ok ("arrow") is oklar. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of ok is o, a back vowel, so it takes -lar. The plural then takes case endings: okları, oklarda, oklardan.
How do you say "to the arrow" in Turkish?
"To the arrow" is oka, the dative case (-a). Similarly, "in / at the arrow" is okta (locative) and "from the arrow" is oktan (ablative).
How do you say "my arrow" in Turkish?
"My arrow" is okum (often with the pronoun: benim okum). "Your arrow" is okun, "his/her arrow" is oku and "my arrows" is oklarım.
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