Cümle Declension: Turkish Cases of 'sentence'
cümle means “sentence”. Its last vowel is e, so 2-way suffixes use e (cümleler) and 4-way suffixes use i (cümlenin). Because it ends in a vowel, vowel-initial suffixes need a buffer letter: cümleyi, cümlenin, cümlesi.
Quick facts
- Plural
- cümleler
- sentences
- Harmony
- Front unrounded
- suffix vowels e / i
- Ends in
- a vowel
- buffer letters y / n / s
- Object form
- cümleyi
- accusative, “the sentence”
Rules this noun follows
- Buffer letter y — y separates two vowels (kapı-y-ı).cümleyi, cümleye, cümleyle
- Buffer letter n — n separates two vowels in the genitive (kapı-n-ın).cümlenin
- Buffer letter s — s separates two vowels in the 3rd-person possessive (kapı-s-ı).cümlesi
- Pronominal n — After a 3rd-person possessive, case suffixes take n (arabası-n-ı, evi-n-de).cümlesini, cümlesinde
Cümle in all seven cases
The added suffix is highlighted. Plural forms put -ler before the case ending.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| NominativeYalın hâl · no ending | cümlesentence | cümlelersentences |
| AccusativeBelirtme hâli · -(y)I | cümleyithe sentence (object) | cümlelerithe sentences (object) |
| DativeYönelme hâli · -(y)A | cümleyeto the sentence | cümlelereto the sentences |
| LocativeBulunma hâli · -DA | cümledein / at the sentence | cümlelerdein / at the sentences |
| AblativeAyrılma hâli · -DAn | cümledenfrom the sentence | cümlelerdenfrom the sentences |
| Genitiveİlgi hâli · -(n)In | cümleninthe sentence's / of the sentence | cümlelerinthe sentences's / of the sentences |
| InstrumentalVasıta hâli · -(y)lA | cümleylewith the sentence | cümlelerlewith the sentences |
Possessive forms: “my sentence”, “your sentence”…
The possessive suffix comes first, then the case. After the 3rd-person forms a case ending takes an extra n (cümlesinde). See possessive suffixes.
| Owner | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Ablative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benimmy | cümlemmy sentence | cümlemimy sentence (object) | cümlemeto my sentence | cümlemdein / at my sentence | cümlemdenfrom my sentence |
| seninyour | cümlenyour sentence | cümleniyour sentence (object) | cümleneto your sentence | cümlendein / at your sentence | cümlendenfrom your sentence |
| onunhis/her/its | cümlesihis/her sentence | cümlesinihis/her sentence (object) | cümlesineto his/her sentence | cümlesindein / at his/her sentence | cümlesindenfrom his/her sentence |
| bizimour | cümlemizour sentence | cümlemiziour sentence (object) | cümlemizeto our sentence | cümlemizdein / at our sentence | cümlemizdenfrom our sentence |
| sizinyour (pl.) | cümlenizyour (pl.) sentence | cümleniziyour (pl.) sentence (object) | cümlenizeto your (pl.) sentence | cümlenizdein / at your (pl.) sentence | cümlenizdenfrom your (pl.) sentence |
| onlarıntheir | cümleleritheir sentences | cümlelerinitheir sentences (object) | cümlelerineto their sentences | cümlelerindein / at their sentences | cümlelerindenfrom their sentences |
Plural + possessive: cümlelerim (my sentences) · cümlelerin (your sentences) · cümleleri (his/her sentences) · cümlelerimiz (our sentences) · cümleleriniz (your (pl.) sentences) · cümleleri (their sentences)
Cümle in example sentences
Türkçede fiil genelde cümlenin sonunda olur.
In Turkish the verb usually comes at the end of the sentence.
Genitive case
Watch out with cümle
- Buffer letters after the final vowel. Vowel suffixes need a buffer: cümleyi (y), cümlenin (n), cümlesi (s). After cümlesi a case suffix adds n: cümlesinde, not
*cümleside. Rule →
Related nouns and resources
Related nouns: language & study
- cevap answer
- ders lesson
- harf letter
- kelime word
- numara number
- ödev homework
- sayı number
- sınav exam
- soru question
- bilgi information
Other A1 nouns ending in a vowel
Questions about cümle
What is the plural of cümle?
The plural of cümle ("sentence") is cümleler. The plural suffix follows 2-way vowel harmony: the last vowel of cümle is e, a front vowel, so it takes -ler. The plural then takes case endings: cümleleri, cümlelerde, cümlelerden.
How do you say "to the sentence" in Turkish?
"To the sentence" is cümleye, the dative case (-ye). Similarly, "in / at the sentence" is cümlede (locative) and "from the sentence" is cümleden (ablative).
How do you say "my sentence" in Turkish?
"My sentence" is cümlem (often with the pronoun: benim cümlem). "Your sentence" is cümlen, "his/her sentence" is cümlesi and "my sentences" is cümlelerim.
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